You raised a child, most likely more, planted a tree, and not one. And now it’s time, (it’s time to build a house for a long time. They purchased a site, planned, determined where the house will stand. There are very few places, it is better to transfer the planned outbuildings to the basement, at least some of them. Some rise in price will occur only due to the need for additional waterproofing work. But there is no need to dress again and winter. Heating boiler located on the basement – the key to cleanliness in residential premises.
We proceed to the removal of a fertile layer at the site of the future structure. In the corners we score pegs, a couple of meters further than the perimeter of the foundation. Now we dig, attract relatives, excavator, migrant workers. Want to have a wine cellar under the basement, dig even deeper. After the pit is ready, we align the site. It is advisable to cover it with a layer of clay and tamp it so that the concrete does not pull moisture from the soil. We fall asleep with sand 5cm-trash, gravel 10cm-tram. Marking: score pegs, pull on a thick fishing line, check diagonally and hydraulic levels.
It is best to make concrete preparation, shed it with bitumen and glue it with roofing material with a wall of the wall. If the pit is dry, this is not necessary. We set the formwork for the base of the foundation 20-25cm high, and the width, the more, the better, at least the whole site is pour.
Reinforcement. Prepare rectangles from wire with a diameter of 6-8mm, they are needed to distribute reinforcement. Lay the scope in length, inward they are reinforced, adjust the distance between them so that the rods do not sag. We distribute 20mm reinforcement with each other by 20 cm, if it is 2 times thinner, then we do 2 times thicker. We splash the rods with each other with a overlap at least 35 cm and, so that this would not coincide with a number of lying reinforcement, we do in a checkerboard pattern. We also lay the transverse reinforcement, splash with knitting wire. Distance from the frame to formwork 3-5cm.
Concrete. Proportions 1: 3: 5, cement: sand: gravel, the thicker concrete, the better. The cement brand will be the one that will be in the store if it is smaller than the M300-400, add it more. Prepare concrete in a mini-concrete mixer, if any, manually in a trough, but it is better to order ready-made. During laying, pierce it with reinforcement to compact and release air until the surface of concrete moisturizes. Into concrete, when he grabs, we stick the reinforcement around the perimeter, the axis you are stretched. We knit the frame vertically, the thickness of the foundation should be larger.
Writing. It is made of wood or metal in the form of shields for reusable use. Fastened with spacers, fixed with nails.
Thermal insulation. The most affordable option, sheets of polystyrene foam, but this is at your discretion, most often it is not done.
Waterproofing. Bitum shelter, if necessary, laying roofing roofing. It is advisable to make a clay castle around the foundation, with a layer -layer tamping.
Do not forget to leave the technological holes for the sewer and other attributes.
The installation of the foundation should be taken responsibly, this is the foundation of your house and flaws during its construction will be fraught with.
